Which term describes the material's tendency to deform permanently after loading?

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Multiple Choice

Which term describes the material's tendency to deform permanently after loading?

Explanation:
Permanent deformation describes the material’s tendency to deform permanently after loading. When a material is stressed, part of the deformation is elastic (reversible) and goes away when the load is removed. If the stress exceeds the elastic limit, additional deformation becomes plastic and remains as a permanent change in shape even after unloading. This is what the term plastic deformation captures. Elastic deformation is reversible, tensile strength is about the maximum stress before fracture, and strain hardening is the strengthening that occurs as plastic deformation proceeds, not the permanent shape change itself.

Permanent deformation describes the material’s tendency to deform permanently after loading. When a material is stressed, part of the deformation is elastic (reversible) and goes away when the load is removed. If the stress exceeds the elastic limit, additional deformation becomes plastic and remains as a permanent change in shape even after unloading. This is what the term plastic deformation captures. Elastic deformation is reversible, tensile strength is about the maximum stress before fracture, and strain hardening is the strengthening that occurs as plastic deformation proceeds, not the permanent shape change itself.

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